Isolation and Characterization Of Multidrug Resistant E.coli and S.aureus From Selected Poultry Farms in Palestine

Abstract

Poultry is one of the world’s fastest-growing sources of meat. As a result, antibiotics are increasingly being used to treat diseased hens and even to prevent infectious bacterial diseases, as well as growth promoters in diets at sub-therapeutic levels. This Inappropriate and indiscriminate usage of antibiotics results in the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. As a result, there is a growing public and governmental interest in phasing out inappropriate antibiotic usage in animal husbandry because of growing global worries that resistance bacteria can pass from animals to humans.  There are concerns that these resistant bacteria will spread to communities around these enterprises.  The presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) in water sources and drinking water can harm poultry and human health, and it is a growing concern in the drinking water sector and a major public issue. Several antibiotic-resistant bacteria were found in poultry like Klebsiella, Shigella, E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus and epidermidis, Morexella, Neisseria, Clostridium, Salmonella, Brucella, Enterobacter, and Bordetella. Some of these bacteria are sourced from water but not others which may arise from other sources like soil, contaminated equipment, air, food, transported with flies, or direct contact with a diseased animal. However, in this study, we focused on MDR E.coli and S. aureus. The best antibiotics recommended for usage against the growth of bacteria were Ceftriaxone٫ Sulfamethoxazole and Ceftazidime because they produce synergism when used together.